Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979) Article 11(1)(c)-(d)
Author(s): Scott Douglas Jacobsen
Publication (Outlet/Website): The Good Men Project
Publication Date (yyyy/mm/dd): 2018/07/24
Article 11 1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of employment in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, the same rights, in particular:(c) The right to free choice of profession and employment, the right to promotion, job security and all benefits and conditions of service and the right to receive vocational training and retraining, including apprenticeships, advanced vocational training and recurrent training;(d) The right to equal remuneration, including benefits, and to equal treatment in respect of work of equal value, as well as equality of treatment in the evaluation of the quality of work;
Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979)If we want to gather a glimpse into the future of the world of work, we should keep an eye on the documents and conventions in particular created several decades ago, which have begun to take more and more force in the rights implementations of the world. In Canada, we ratified, almost two decades ago, the CEDAW.This document relates to the equality of women with men, as men have been on the rise forever, through the world of work, the job market and the workplace. In Article 11(1)(c), it speaks to the equality of women through their capacity to make a free choice in their chosen profession. Now, this does not mean a pollyannaish world where the women can simply make their way and demand the automatic change to the market. (The same applies to men; the world does not revolve around any one person or group at all times.)It does, however, mean the ability of women to be able to make a, more or less, non-coerced choice in their career path or job. It becomes the freedom to make an economic or livelihood selection out of the possibilities before an individual woman for which she is qualified. Tied to some of the other articles, this means that if a woman makes a free choice to pursue a career path and is equally qualified to the man that, then, the woman should be able to access that profession in a similar capacity to the man.
It also speaks to the right to a promotion. If someone is in a job, they should have the performance-based – or even needs-based (of the employer) option – for a promotion in their current organization from their current employment status. The purpose of this is to ensure that the women can have the same right as the men in a society to move up the often-called “career ladder.”
However, it also implies the same risks to going down it, too. Then there are some statements about the right to job security. There should not be the capacity of an employee to simply lose their job overnight, simply destroying their economic livelihood and even their social standing. It becomes an unjust, unfair, unequal basis for the operation of a society.
The men should work in their own countries, and the women should demand, the right to equality within the context and constraints of the societies’ current culture and social life.
In summary for Article 11(1)(c), the governmental institutions and the state as a whole shall work for the implementation of the stipulation rights for reduction and eventual elimination of discrimination against women with, in this stipulation, the right for women to make free – and hopefully informed – choices about profession and employment.
Article 11(1)(d) continues to speak about the right of equal remuneration – such as pay and benefits – for the same work as the man. In Canadian society and legal traditions, and rights statements, there are stipulations about the need for equality with men for women in the area of economic remuneration, including benefits.
The basic fact is throughout the world the basis for commerce gives a foundation for independence of individuals, families, and communities. Not the corporate forms of the capitalist world but the forms of economic empowerment and trade have seen in every family and community around the world; in particular, the empowerment of women comes in the form of the representation of the women of the world in the economic decisions of the family at one level.
Then at a still higher level, there is the implementation of activist work for women to enter the workforce. In the next plane of analysis or development of an equal society, in terms of access at least, the provision of high-level education and access to the higher paying jobs – and not only jobs but also careers.
After this point, it becomes a basic consideration of the qualifications of the candidate and the quality of the work provided. With the provision of the economic empowerment of women through equal pay for equal work and opportunities for the higher paying jobs, we can see the empowerment of both men and women because men compete with an additional pool of applicants: female ones.–One can find similar statements in other documents, conventions, declarations and so on, with the subsequent statements of equality or women’s rights:
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the Preamble, Article 16, and Article 25(2).
- Convention Against Discrimination in Education (1960) in Article 1.
- The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) in Article 3 and Article 13.
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966).
- Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979).
- Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984).
- The Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (1993).
- Beijing Declaration(1995).
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000).
- Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children (2000).
- The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa or the “Maputo Protocol” (2003).
- Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence or the Istanbul Convention (2011) Article 38 and Article 39.
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